Apple and Spinach Slaw

Ingredients

Preparation

For dressing, in a small bowl stir together the mayonnaise or salad dressing, yogurt or sour cream, honey, Dijon-style mustard, and dash salt, stir in apple.

In a medium mixing bowl combine the cabbage, spinach, and onion. Toss to mix. Add the dressing and toss to coat.

Yield

Serves 4

Cook Time

Prep Time: 20 mins.

Nutrition information is provided as a resource. Values will vary depending on specific ingredients used.

Serving Size: 1
Number of Servings: Serves 4

Amount Per Serving:
Calories: 92
Calories from Fat: 108

---

Amount per Serving

% Daily Value*

Amount per Serving

% Daily Value*

Total Fat 12g

18%

Carbohydrates 15g

5%

Dietary Fiber 6g

24%

Saturated Fat 7g

35%

Calories 92kcal

4%

Cholesterol 6mg

2%

Protein 8g

13%

Sodium 21mg

0%

*Percent Daily Values are based on a 2,000 calorie diet. Your daily values may be higher or lower depending on your calorie needs.

Source: http://www.dagnyc.com/Recipes/RecipeFull.aspx?RecipeID=35478

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Some service members sleep too little

Of active-duty military personnel seeking help for sleep complaints, two-thirds get six or less hours per night

Of active-duty military personnel seeking help for sleep complaints, two-thirds get six or less hours per night

By Nathan Seppa

Web edition: January 31, 2013

Some members of the armed forces are strikingly short on sleep, according to a review of medical records of U.S. military personnel.

The study, which appears online January 31 in Sleep,?uses data from active-duty military people who sought out, or were referred to, a clinic because they had a sleep complaint. Even though the study is not a random sample, some scientists believe the low levels of sleep found in the records raise serious questions about the health of the armed forces. Sleep problems in the study sample were often associated with conditions such as chronic pain, anxiety, brain injury and post-traumatic stress disorder.

Scientists know that sleep deprivation can affect mood, concentration, reaction time and cognitive function. But little information is available specifically about sleep loss in the military.

?It?s really the first study to take a good epidemiological look at sleep in military personnel,? says Alan Peterson, a psychologist at the University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio who wasn?t involved in the study.

Researchers reviewed the charts of every person who was admitted to Madigan Army Medical Center in Tacoma, Wash., in 2010 for sleep-related complaints and underwent polysomnography, a diagnostic test that measures physiological changes during sleep. The 725 people whose records were analyzed served in the Army, Navy or Air Force and had an average age of 36. The vast majority of the medical charts belonged to people who had been in combat, and many had been deployed to war zones multiple times.

Of the people, 85 percent had sleep problems meriting treatment, with sleep apnea and insomnia the most common. Both can cause daytime sleepiness and fatigue. People who didn?t have a sleep disorder mainly snored or had other mild symptoms.

Nearly 42 percent of the people in the study said they got five hours of sleep or less per night on average, and another 26.5 percent reported only six hours, the reviewers found. ?That was the most surprising finding,? says study coauthor Vincent Mysliwiec, a pulmonary and sleep physician at Madigan.

The risks of sleep deprivation in combat might seem obvious but actually aren?t well understood, he says. ?When you?re getting shot at, you just don?t fall asleep,? soldiers have told him.

The findings suggest that the military needs to think about sleep as a resource that has value, much like fuel or water, he says. Vehicles need fuel and soldiers need water, and neither is sent into combat without enough, he says. ?Sleep should be viewed with the same perspective.?

Instead, soldiers are taught to find downtime to catch up on sleep. ?All soldiers need to rest and recover,? Mysliwiec says. ?How much is possible in a wartime environment depends on the unit you?re deployed with.?

Caffeinated beverages such as coffee or so-called energy drinks may contribute to sleep problems as well, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention reported in November. A survey of service members deployed to Afghanistan in 2010 found that those who consumed three or more such beverages per day were more likely than those who drank two or fewer to experience sleep disruption or to fall asleep in briefings or on guard duty ? but not while riding in convoys.

Researchers have long known about the military?s culture of insufficient sleep, say Nita Lewis Shattuck and Stephanie Brown of the Naval Postgraduate School in Monterey, Calif., writing in the same issue of Sleep. ?For many individuals in the military, sleep is considered a luxury or even a weakness.? The new findings highlight the need for policy changes, they conclude.

---

Suggested Reading

S. Banks and D. Dinges. Behavioral and physiological consequences of sleep restriction. Journal of Clinical Sleep Medicine. Volume 3, August 15, 2007, p. 519. [Go to]

L. Gellis et al. Predictors of sleep disturbances in Operation Iraqi Freedom/Operation Enduring Freedom veterans reporting a trauma. Military Medicine. Volume 175, August 2010, p. 567. [Go to]

A. Peterson et al. Sleep disturbance during military deployment. Military Medicine. Volume 173, March 2008, p. 230. [Go to]

CDC. Energy drink consumption and its association with sleep problems among U.S. service members on a combat deployment ? Afghanistan, 2010. Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report. Volume 61, November 9, 2012, p. 895.

Source: http://www.sciencenews.org/view/generic/id/347980/title/Some_service_members_sleep_too_little

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Incandescent Light Bulb Regulations: What's True, What's Not | AOL ...

By Mary Boone

Feeling in the dark about light bulbs? You're not alone. New federal regulations regarding the sale of incandescent light bulbs are a little confusing. Many consumers mistakenly believe the new standards, included in the Energy Independence and Security Act of 2007, ban the sale of incandescent bulbs. Not true. Rather, the federal government has placed new efficiency standards on bulbs. As of Jan. 1, 2012, any bulb that can generate the amount of light produced by a conventional 100-watt bulb, but do so with roughly 30 percent less energy, is eligible for the market.

The Basics

Uncle Sam is giving consumers -- and light bulb manufacturers -- time to adjust to the new regulations. In 2013, the rule will be extended to include 75-watt bulbs. In 2014, 40- and 60-watt bulbs will also be included. No bulbs will be outlawed if they meet the new energy standards, and retailers are allowed to continue selling bulbs that don't meet the standards until their stock runs out.

It's also important to note that the new standards do not affect all bulbs. Some specialty bulbs are exempt, including appliance bulbs, heavy-duty bulbs, colored lights, three-way bulbs and others. The new energy efficiency standards apply to conventional pear-shaped, medium size, screw-in light bulbs -- most often used in traditional home lighting fixtures.

Watts and Lumens

One of the most notable changes consumers will see when they hit the lighting aisle of their local home improvement store is the way products are labeled. For decades, bulbs have been sold by watt -- a measurement of the energy used by a specific product. Now, bulbs must be labeled according to the amount of light they give off, a measurement known as lumens.

The Federal Trade Commission is requiring new product labels that clearly list the lumens -- or brightness -- of the bulb, the estimated operating cost for the year and the color of the light (from warm/yellowish, to white to cool/blue).

The U.S. Department of Energy sheds additional light on the subject:

-- Nationwide, lighting accounts for about 14 percent of all building electricity use (approximately 10 percent of home electricity).The new lighting standards could save U.S. households nearly $6 billion in 2015 alone.

-- Experts estimate that replacing 15 traditional incandescent bulbs in your home with new energy-saving incandescents, compact fluorescent lamps (CFLs) or light-emitting diodes (LEDs) could save an average of $50 annually.

-- The average consumer spends about $4.80 to operate a traditional incandescent bulb for a year (electricity cost). By comparison, that consumer would spend about $1 to operate an Energy Star-certified LED bulb, about $3.50 on a halogen incandescent bulb and about $1.20 on an Energy Star CFL bulb - each producing roughly the same amount of light.

-- CFLs and other fluorescent light bulbs contain a very small amount of mercury, so it is important to recycle them at the end of their lifespan. Many retailers recycle CFLs for free, and some municipalities have special recycling programs for CFLs. The United States Environmental Protection Agency offers special guidelines for recycling CFLs.

See more on Zillow:
High Energy Bills? Fix Air Leaks in These Four Offending Areas
How to Winterize Your Home on a Budget
Stay Warm With a Fireplace Insert

Source: http://realestate.aol.com/blog/2013/01/31/incandescent-light-bulb-regulations/

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Silibinin, found in milk thistle, protects against UV-induced skin cancer

Jan. 30, 2013 ? A pair of University of Colorado Cancer Center studies published this month show that the milk thistle extract, silibinin, kills skin cells mutated by UVA radiation and protects against damage by UVB radiation -- thus protecting against UV-induced skin cancer and photo-aging.

"When you have a cell affected by UV radiation, you either want to repair it or kill it so that it cannot go on to cause cancer. We show that silibinin does both," says Rajesh Agarwal, PhD, co-program leader of Cancer Prevention and Control at the CU Cancer Center and professor at the Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences.

The first study, published in the journal Photochemistry and Photobiology worked with human skin cells subjected to UVA radiation, which makes up about 95 percent of the sun's radiation that reaches Earth. The Agarwal Lab treated these UVA-affected cells with silibinin. With silibinin, the rate at which these damaged cells died increased dramatically.

"When you take human skin cells -- keratinocytes -- and treat them with silibinin, nothing happens. It's not toxic. But when you damage these cells with UVA radiation, treatment with silibinin kills the cells," Agarwal says, thus removing the mutated cells that can cause skin cancer and photo-aging.

Specifically, the study shows that pretreatment with silibinin resulted in higher release of reactive oxygen species (ROS) within the UVA-exposed cells, leading to higher rates of cell death.

The second study, published this month by the same authors in the journal Molecular Carcinogenesis shows that instead of beneficially killing cells damaged by UVA radiation, treatment with silibinin protects human skill cells from damage by UVB radiation, which makes up about 5 percent of the sun's radiation reaching Earth.

Again, remember Agarwal's suggestion that the prevention of UV-induced skin cancer can happen in two ways: by protecting against DNA damage or by killing cells with damaged DNA. With UVA, silibinin kills; with UVB, it protects, in this case by increasing cells' expression of the protein interleukin-12, which works to quickly repair damaged cells.

"It has been 20 years of work with this compound, silibinin," Agarwal says. "We first noticed its effectiveness in treating both skin and solid cancers, and we now have a much more complete picture of the mechanisms that allow this compound to work."

Agarwal and colleagues continue to test the effectiveness of silibinin in cancer prevention and treatment in cell lines and mouse models, and are working toward human trials of silibinin-based therapeutics.

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---

Story Source:

The above story is reprinted from materials provided by University of Colorado Denver. The original article was written by Garth Sundem.

Note: Materials may be edited for content and length. For further information, please contact the source cited above.

---

Journal Reference:

1. Sreekanth Narayanapillai, Chapla Agarwal, Gagan Deep, Rajesh Agarwal. Silibinin inhibits ultraviolet B radiation-induced DNA-damage and apoptosis by enhancing interleukin-12 expression in JB6 cells and SKH-1 hairless mouse skin. Molecular Carcinogenesis, 2013; DOI: 10.1002/mc.22000

Note: If no author is given, the source is cited instead.

Disclaimer: This article is not intended to provide medical advice, diagnosis or treatment. Views expressed here do not necessarily reflect those of ScienceDaily or its staff.

Source: http://feeds.sciencedaily.com/~r/sciencedaily/top_news/top_health/~3/wRU_1K3abM0/130130143636.htm

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U. of Minn. researchers unveil first artificial enzyme created by evolution in a test tube

Public release date: 30-Jan-2013
[ | E-mail | Share ]

Contact: Matt Hodson
mjhodson@umn.edu
612-625-0552
University of Minnesota

There's a wobbly new biochemical structure in Burckhard Seelig's lab at the University of Minnesota that may resemble what enzymes looked like billions of years ago, when life on earth began to evolve long before they became ingredients for new and improved products, from detergents to foods and fuels.

Seelig created the fledgling enzyme by using directed evolution in the laboratory. Working with colleague Gianluigi Veglia, graduate student Fa-An Chao, and other team members, he subsequently determined its structure, which made its debut December 9 as an advance online publication in Nature Chemical Biology. Lab tests show that the enzyme (a type of RNA ligase, which connects two RNA molecules) functions like natural enzymes although its structure looks very different and it is flexible rather than rigid. Seelig speculates the new protein resembles primordial enzymes, before their current structures evolved.

Seelig and Veglia are professors in the College of Biological Sciences, where Fa-An Chao is a graduate student. Both faculty members have appointments in the Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biophysics and Seelig is member of the BioTechnology Institute.

While a handful of groups worldwide are developing artificial enzymes, they use rational design to construct the proteins on computers. Instead, the Seelig lab employs directed evolution. "To my knowledge, our enzyme is the only entirely artificial enzyme created in a test tube by simply following the principles of natural selection and evolution," he says.

Rational enzyme design relies on preconceived notions of what a new enzyme should look like and how it should function. In contrast, directed evolution involves producing a large quantity of candidate proteins and screening several generations to produce one with the desired function. With this approach, the outcome isn't limited by current knowledge of enzyme structure.

"Just as in nature, only the fittest survive after each successive generation," Seelig explains. The process continues until it produces an enzyme that efficiently catalyzes a desired biochemical reaction. In this case, the new enzyme joins two pieces of RNA together.

"It's kind of like giving typewriters to monkeys," he says. "One monkey and one typewriter won't produce anything clever. But if you have enough monkeys and typewriters, eventually one of them will write 'to be or not to be'." The lottery provides another analogy. "If you buy more tickets, you're more likely to win," Seelig says.

Like all proteins, the new RNA ligase enzyme is a chain of amino acids folded into a 3D structure, but the resemblance stops there. Natural enzymes, like all proteins, are made from alpha helices and beta strands. Seelig's artificial enzyme lacks those structures. Instead, it forms around two metal ions and is not rigid. "Compared to enzymes we know from nature, the artificial enzyme has a rather unusual structure and dynamics," Seelig says.

For decades, naturally occurring enzymes have been tweaked by industry to make industrial processes and products more effective. The ability to create enzymes from scratch using a natural process opens the door to a vast array of new products that provide business opportunities and improve quality of life without harmful environmental effects.

Going forward, Seelig plans to create enzymes with useful applications while he continues to explore the underlying basic science of enzyme structure and function, aiming to learn more about the origin of enzymes and how proteins evolve.

"Enzymes have always fascinated me," he says. "It's rewarding to do work that has practical applications yet provides the opportunity to better understand how life on earth evolved."

###

---

[ | E-mail | Share ]

?

AAAS and EurekAlert! are not responsible for the accuracy of news releases posted to EurekAlert! by contributing institutions or for the use of any information through the EurekAlert! system.

Public release date: 30-Jan-2013
[ | E-mail | Share ]

Contact: Matt Hodson
mjhodson@umn.edu
612-625-0552
University of Minnesota

There's a wobbly new biochemical structure in Burckhard Seelig's lab at the University of Minnesota that may resemble what enzymes looked like billions of years ago, when life on earth began to evolve long before they became ingredients for new and improved products, from detergents to foods and fuels.

Seelig created the fledgling enzyme by using directed evolution in the laboratory. Working with colleague Gianluigi Veglia, graduate student Fa-An Chao, and other team members, he subsequently determined its structure, which made its debut December 9 as an advance online publication in Nature Chemical Biology. Lab tests show that the enzyme (a type of RNA ligase, which connects two RNA molecules) functions like natural enzymes although its structure looks very different and it is flexible rather than rigid. Seelig speculates the new protein resembles primordial enzymes, before their current structures evolved.

Seelig and Veglia are professors in the College of Biological Sciences, where Fa-An Chao is a graduate student. Both faculty members have appointments in the Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biophysics and Seelig is member of the BioTechnology Institute.

While a handful of groups worldwide are developing artificial enzymes, they use rational design to construct the proteins on computers. Instead, the Seelig lab employs directed evolution. "To my knowledge, our enzyme is the only entirely artificial enzyme created in a test tube by simply following the principles of natural selection and evolution," he says.

Rational enzyme design relies on preconceived notions of what a new enzyme should look like and how it should function. In contrast, directed evolution involves producing a large quantity of candidate proteins and screening several generations to produce one with the desired function. With this approach, the outcome isn't limited by current knowledge of enzyme structure.

"Just as in nature, only the fittest survive after each successive generation," Seelig explains. The process continues until it produces an enzyme that efficiently catalyzes a desired biochemical reaction. In this case, the new enzyme joins two pieces of RNA together.

"It's kind of like giving typewriters to monkeys," he says. "One monkey and one typewriter won't produce anything clever. But if you have enough monkeys and typewriters, eventually one of them will write 'to be or not to be'." The lottery provides another analogy. "If you buy more tickets, you're more likely to win," Seelig says.

Like all proteins, the new RNA ligase enzyme is a chain of amino acids folded into a 3D structure, but the resemblance stops there. Natural enzymes, like all proteins, are made from alpha helices and beta strands. Seelig's artificial enzyme lacks those structures. Instead, it forms around two metal ions and is not rigid. "Compared to enzymes we know from nature, the artificial enzyme has a rather unusual structure and dynamics," Seelig says.

For decades, naturally occurring enzymes have been tweaked by industry to make industrial processes and products more effective. The ability to create enzymes from scratch using a natural process opens the door to a vast array of new products that provide business opportunities and improve quality of life without harmful environmental effects.

Going forward, Seelig plans to create enzymes with useful applications while he continues to explore the underlying basic science of enzyme structure and function, aiming to learn more about the origin of enzymes and how proteins evolve.

"Enzymes have always fascinated me," he says. "It's rewarding to do work that has practical applications yet provides the opportunity to better understand how life on earth evolved."

###

---

[ | E-mail | Share ]

?

AAAS and EurekAlert! are not responsible for the accuracy of news releases posted to EurekAlert! by contributing institutions or for the use of any information through the EurekAlert! system.

Source: http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2013-01/uom-uom013013.php

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Business world is critical without appropriate consultations as there are various factors effecting business according to its nature. Whether it is offline business or online business, without appropriate consultations with industry experts it is very critical to take correct decisions and move further for any development activity. Online business is not ?cup of tea? for everyone as it has become more critical due to advanced IT technologies and regular innovations in the field. IT experts consulting before introducing any new online business or any kind of technological integration in the existing business is advisable for the more productive results.

<a href = "http://www.hiddenbrains.com/web-development-india.html">Website Development </a>is the process of creativity and expertise as it requires talented professionals to understand the critical aspects of the online market and deep knowledge of the programming languages & designing aspects. Design & Development of the website demands for the knowledge of current web market trends and requires the appropriate understanding of the business nature to make the perfect match with technology as well as Web Market demands. Before introducing business on the internet its better to approach for the appropriate consulting firm or experts about Web Marketing as well as Website Design & Development.

<b>Some Plus Points of the Web Design & Development Consultation</b>

<ul><li>It is very obvious that first business has to be established then promotional activities will proceed accordingly. There are two types of professional consulting services are use to exist in the consultations of web development such as first is regarding professional website design and second is website promotion consulting services. </li>

<li>Consulting firm and experts of the online <a href = "http://www.hiddenbrains.com/web-design-india.html">web design & development</a> should aware about changing business nature & trends, should be capable of implementing important strategies of the business, to make a perfect online solution in the form of good & interactive website for better online presentation of product & services. </li>

<li>It is not necessary that all offline businessmen have the knowledge of web market and its critical aspects, to introduce the business on the internet there must be technical know how about the online web development field. Professional web development companies or experts are best way for the consultation about the introduction of your offline business to online web world.</li>

<li>The most critical aspect of the online website promotion is correct Keywords & Meta tags, appropriate design of the website as well as attractive content enriched with appropriate keywords cannot be placed without professional consultancy.</li>

<li>Next most important technical key factor of online web promotion is ?Google Indexing? that only should be performed by technical professionals or consultancy is required to perform this correctly. Popular search engines have various parameters for indexing the website, to achieve the good index number in popular search engines there are certain practices should be performed by professionals such as:</li>

? Website link submission to popular search engine and directories
? Articles and blogs submission
? Development of RSS feed facility on the website
? Taking feedback of the page regularly

It is advisable to take professional consultancy services regarding web development activities, as they are essential to get fruitful results from the competitive web market; it helps in increasing profits with online visualization of the products and services.

<b>About Author</b>

Hidden Brains has been in the Industry since 2003 and provided solution using languages like PHP/MySQL & ASP.Net Application Framework. For more details please refer this URL www.hiddenbrains.com

www.hiddenbrains.com

This entry was posted on Friday, January 25th, 2013 at 10:23 pm and is filed under Web Development. You can follow any responses to this entry through the RSS 2.0 feed. You can skip to the end and leave a response. Pinging is currently not allowed.

Source: http://www.zapdude.com/?p=8158

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Source: http://udonkey2.blogspot.com/2013/01/role-of-professional-consultation-in.html

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Source: http://pentateuch-bridle.blogspot.com/2013/01/udonkey2-role-of-professional.html

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Detentions made in Brazil fire, funerals begin

A police officer places flowers outside the Kiss nightclub that were brought by mourners in memory of those who died due to a fire at the club in Santa Maria, Brazil, Monday, Jan. 28, 2013. A fast-moving fire roared through the crowded, windowless Kiss nightclub in this southern Brazilian city early Sunday, killing more than 230 people. Many of the victims were under 20 years old, including some minors. (AP Photo/Nabor Goulart)

A police officer places flowers outside the Kiss nightclub that were brought by mourners in memory of those who died due to a fire at the club in Santa Maria, Brazil, Monday, Jan. 28, 2013. A fast-moving fire roared through the crowded, windowless Kiss nightclub in this southern Brazilian city early Sunday, killing more than 230 people. Many of the victims were under 20 years old, including some minors. (AP Photo/Nabor Goulart)

Gladimir Callegaro, second from right, father of fire victim Marina Callegaro and other relatives mourn during her funeral at a cemetery in Santa Maria city, Rio Grande do Sul state, Brazil, Monday, Jan. 28, 2013. A fast-moving fire roared through the crowded, windowless Kiss nightclub in southern Brazil early Sunday, within seconds filling the space with flames and a thick, toxic smoke that killed more than 230 panicked partygoers who gasped for breath and fought in a stampede to escape. An early investigation into the tragedy revealed that security guards briefly prevented partygoers from leaving through the sole exit and the bodies later heaped inside that doorway slowed firefighters trying to get in.(AP Photo/Nabor Goulart)

Relatives and friends carry the coffins of two brothers, Pedro and Marcelo Salla, who died in a nightclub fire, as they prepare to bury them at a cemetery in Santa Maria, Brazil, Monday, Jan. 28, 2013. Brazilian police officials said Monday they?ve made three detentions and are seeking a fourth person in connection with blaze that ripped through a nightclub in southern Brazil over the weekend, killing more than 230 people. (AP Photo/Felipe Dana)

A girl cries during the burial of her brother, soldier Leonardo Machado, at a cemetery in Santa Maria, Brazil, Monday, Jan. 28, 2013. A fast-moving fire roared through the crowded, windowless Kiss nightclub in this southern Brazilian city early Sunday, killing more than 230 people. Many of the victims were under 20 years old, including some minors. (AP Photo/Felipe Dana)

Relatives and friends dance and mourn next to the coffin during the burial of fire victim Tanise Cielo, at a cemetery in Santa Maria city, Rio Grande do Sul state, Brazil, Monday, Jan. 28, 2013. The city in southern Brazil started burying the 233 people killed in Sunday's fire at the Kiss nightclub after the conflagration caused by a band's pyrotechnic display. An early investigation into the tragedy revealed that security guards briefly prevented partygoers from leaving through the sole exit. And the bodies later heaped inside that doorway slowed firefighters trying to get in.(AP Photo/Nabor Goulart)

SANTA MARIA, Brazil (AP) ? Brazilian police officials said Monday they've made three detentions and are seeking a fourth person in connection with a blaze that ripped through a nightclub in southern Brazil over the weekend, killing more than 230 people.

Inspector Ranolfo Vieira Junior said at a news conference that the detentions are for investigative purposes and those detained can be held up to five days. He declined to identify those detained or the fourth person sought, but the Brazilian newspaper Zero Hora quotes lawyer Jader Marques saying his client Elissandro Spohr, a co-owner of the club, had been held.

The paper also says police detained two band members who were on stage when the blaze broke out and were thought to have used pyrotechnics in their act.

A military brigade official said Monday the death toll now stands at 231 people in the early Sunday blaze in the Kiss nightclub in Santa Maria, a university town of about 260,000 people in southern Brazil. Many of the victims were under 20 years old, including some minors. Most victims died from smoke inhalation rather than burns.

Police have said they think the pyrotechnics ignited sound insulation on the ceiling, while witnesses have reported a fire extinguisher didn't work and that there was only one working exit. Many of the dead were also found in the club's two bathrooms, where they fled apparently because the blinding smoke caused them to believe the doors were exits.

"It was terrible inside ? it was like one of those films of the Holocaust, bodies piled atop one another," said police inspector Sandro Meinerz. "We had to use trucks to remove them. It took about six hours to take the bodies away."

Survivors and another police inspector, Marcelo Arigony, said security guards briefly tried to block people from exiting the club. Brazilian bars routinely make patrons pay their entire tab at the end of the night before they are allowed to leave.

"It was chaotic and it doesn't seem to have been done in bad faith because several security guards also died," Arigony told The Associated Press.

Firefighters responding to the blaze initially had trouble getting inside the Kiss nightclub because "there was a barrier of bodies blocking the entrance," Guido Pedroso Melo, commander of the city's fire department, told the O Globo newspaper.

Authorities said band members who were on the stage when the fire broke out later talked with police and confirmed they used pyrotechnics during their show.

Guitarist Rodrigo Martins told Radio Gaucha that the band, Gurizada Fandangueira, started playing at 2:15 a.m. "and we had played around five songs when I looked up and noticed the roof was burning."

"It might have happened because of the Sputnik, the machine we use to create a luminous effect with sparks. It's harmless, we never had any trouble with it," he said. "When the fire started, a guard passed us a fire extinguisher, the singer tried to use it but it wasn't working."

He confirmed that accordion player Danilo Jacques, 28, died, while the five other members made it out safely.

Survivor Michele Pereira told the Folha de S. Paulo newspaper that she was near the stage when members of the band lit some sort of flare that started the conflagration.

"The band that was onstage began to use flares and, suddenly, they stopped the show and pointed them upward," she said. "At that point, the ceiling caught fire. It was really weak, but in a matter of seconds it spread."

Police inspector Meinerz, who coordinated the investigation at the nightclub, said one band member died after escaping because he returned inside the burning building to save his accordion. The other band members escaped alive because they were the first to notice the fire.

Television images from Santa Maria showed black smoke billowing out of the Kiss nightclub as shirtless young men who attended the university party joined firefighters using axes and sledgehammers to pound at the hot-pink exterior walls, trying to reach those trapped inside.

Teenagers sprinted from the scene after the fire began, desperately seeking help. Others carried injured and burned friends away in their arms. About half of those killed were men, about half women.

Bodies of the dead and injured were strewn in the street and panicked screams filled the air as medics tried to help. There was little to be done; officials said most of those who died suffocated within minutes.

"There was so much smoke and fire, it was complete panic, and it took a long time for people to get out, there were so many dead," survivor Luana Santos Silva told the Globo TV network.

The fire spread so fast inside the packed club that firefighters and ambulances could do little to stop it, Silva said.

A community gym soon became a horror scene, with body after body lined up on the floor, partially covered with black plastic as family members identified kin.

Outside the gym, police held up personal objects ? a black purse, a blue high-heeled shoe ? as people seeking information on loved ones crowded around hoping not to recognize anything being shown them.

The party was organized by students from several academic departments at the Federal University of Santa Maria. Such organized university parties are common throughout Brazil.

Police Maj. Cleberson Braida Bastianello said by telephone that the toll had risen to 233 with the death of a hospitalized victim.

Brazil President Dilma Rousseff arrived Sunday to visit the injured after cutting short her trip to a Latin American-European summit in Chile.

"It is a tragedy for all of us," said Rousseff, who began her political career in the state where the tragedy took place.

Dr. Paulo Afonso Beltrame, a professor at the medical school of the Federal University of Santa Maria. said he was told the club had been filled far beyond its capacity. He had gone to the city's Caridade Hospital to help victims.

"Large amounts of toxic smoke quickly filled the room, and I would say that at least 90 percent of the victims died of asphyxiation," Beltrame told the AP.

"The toxic smoke made people lose their sense of direction so they were unable to find their way to the exit. At least 50 bodies were found inside a bathroom."

In the hospital, the doctor "saw desperate friends and relatives walking and running down the corridors looking for information," he said, calling it "one of the saddest scenes I have ever witnessed."

Rodrigo Moura, identified by the newspaper Diario de Santa Maria as a security guard at the club, said it was at its maximum capacity of between 1,000 and 2,000 people, and partygoers were pushing and shoving to escape.

Santa Maria Mayor Cezar Schirmer declared a 30-day mourning period, and Tarso Genro, the governor of the southern state of Rio Grande do Sul, said officials were investigating the cause of the disaster.

The blaze was the deadliest in Brazil since at least 1961, when a fire that swept through a circus killed 503 people in Niteroi, Rio de Janeiro.

Sunday's fire also appeared to be the worst at a nightclub since December 2000, when a welding accident reportedly set off a fire at a club in Luoyang, China, killing 309 people.

In 2004, at least 194 people died in a fire at an overcrowded nightclub in Buenos Aires, Argentina. Seven members of the band playing at the club were sentenced to prison for starting the flames.

A blaze at the Lame Horse nightclub in Perm, Russia, killed 152 people in December 2009 after an indoor fireworks display ignited a plastic ceiling decorated with branches.

Similar circumstances led to a 2003 nightclub fire that killed 100 people in the United States. Pyrotechnics used as a stage prop by the 1980s rock band Great White set ablaze cheap soundproofing foam on the walls and ceiling of a Rhode Island music venue.

The band performing in Santa Maria, Gurizada Fandangueira, plays a driving mixture of local Brazilian country music styles. Guitarist Martin told Radio Gaucha the musicians are already seeing hostile messages.

"People on the social networks are saying we have to pay for what happened," he said. "I'm afraid there could be retaliation".

___

Associated Press writers Marco Sibaja contributed to this report from Brasilia, Brazil, and Stan Lehman and Bradley Brooks contributed from Sao Paulo.

Associated Press

Source: http://hosted2.ap.org/APDEFAULT/3d281c11a96b4ad082fe88aa0db04305/Article_2013-01-28-LT-Brazil-Nightclub-Fire/id-baa25f03a0b7408aab484aa52e02853a

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To Start Anew

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Police: Brazil nightclub fire kills at least 233

A fire broke out early Sunday morning at a night club in Santa Maria, in southern Brazil, killing revelers ? many of them students. NBC's Mike Taibbi reports.

By Jeff Black, Staff Writer, NBC News

Updated at 1:23 a.m. ET: At least 233 people were killed after a band?s fireworks show sparked a rapidly moving fire in a packed nightclub in southern Brazil and fleeing patrons were unable to find their way out, local police said.

The bodies removed from the Kiss nightclub in the southern city of Santa Maria were taken to the Municipal Sports Center gymnasium for identification, police said.

Major Gerson da Rosa Ferreira, who led rescue efforts at the scene for the military police, told Reuters that the victims died of asphyxiation or from being trampled.?

Police Maj. Cleberson Braida Bastianello told the Associated Press by telephone that the toll had risen to 233 with the death of a hospitalized victim.

Officials earlier counted 232 bodies that had been brought to the gymnasium in Santa Maria.

In addition to the number of deaths, more ?than 100 people were injured, police said, and most remain hospitalized. Police officials had reported earlier in the day that 245 people were killed. The death toll could still rise, police said later, from the people who are injured.

Fire brigade colonel Guido Pedroso de Melo?told O Globo newspaper that rescuers had difficulty entering the premises because of "a barrier of bodies" at ?the entrance to the club.

Television footage monitored by Reuters overnight showed people crying outside the club as shirtless firefighters used sledge hammers and axes to knock down an exterior wall to open up an exit.?

Agencia RBS via AP

People help a man injured in a nightclub fire in Santa Maria city, Brazil, on Sunday.

Rodrigo Moura, who the newspaper Diario de Santa Maria identified as a security guard at the club, said it was at its capacity of between 1,000 and 2,000 people and patrons were pushing and shoving to escape, the AP reported. Police estimated the crowd at some 900 revelers.

Fire officials said at least one exit was locked and that club bouncers, who at first thought those fleeing were trying to skip out on bar tabs, initially blocked patrons from leaving, Reuters reported.

The club's management said in a statement it would help authorities with their investigation, Reuters reported.

One of the club's owners has surrendered to police for questioning, GloboNews TV reported.?

"It was really fast. There was a lot of smoke, really dark smoke," survivor Aline Santos Silva, 29, told Globonews TV. "We were only able to get out quickly because we were in a VIP area close to the door."?

President Dilma Rousseff cut short a visit to Chile and?visited families of the victims at the Municipal Sports Center, where relatives were gathering to identify the bodies. She met with relatives of the injured at Hospital de Caridade de Santa Maria.

Rousseff declared a national three-day mourning period for victims of the fire.?

?Sad Sunday!? Tarso Genro, the governor of Rio Grande do Sul state where the club is located, tweeted. ?We are taking all of the possible and appropriate actions,? the tweet read, according to a rough translation by NBC News. ?I will be in Santa Maria later this morning.?

The precise cause of the fire was still under investigation, authorities said. But Luiza Sousa, a civil police official in Santa Maria, told Reuters that the blaze started when someone with the band ignited what was described as a flare, which then set fire to the ceiling. The fire spread "in seconds," Sousa said.?

The tragedy in Brazil recalled other nightclub disaster. A fire in West Warwick, Rhode Island, in 2003 killed 100 people after pyrotechnics used on stage by the rock band Great White set ablaze foam used for soundproofing on the walls. A Buenos Aires nightclub blaze in 2004 killed nearly 200 people.?

Reuters noted that Brazil's safety standards and emergency response capabilities are under particular scrutiny as the country prepares to host the 2014 World Cup soccer tournament and the 2016 Summer Olympics.?

The Brazilian state?s Health secretary, Ciro Simoni, told the news service that emergency medical supplies from all over the state were being sent to the scene.?

Reuters and The Associated Press contributed to this report.

Source: http://worldnews.nbcnews.com/_news/2013/01/27/16721339-police-brazil-nightclub-fire-kills-at-least-233?lite

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How to make your iPhone password stronger: Use an accent

1 day

Thorin Klosowski , Lifehacker

We've?talked before?about using a longer passcode on your iPhone instead of a 4-digit pin, but as the tech blog Digital Inspiration points out, adding in accented characters adds yet another level of security.

The idea is that most people aren't going to bother dealing with accented characters (if you hold down on a letter, the available accented characters show up) when they're trying to guess your password. To use these, you first have to turn on the alphanumeric passcode. Just head into Settings > General > Passcode Lock, and turn off Simple Passcode. You'll be asked to enter in a new password, so throw in a few accented characters. It might make it a bit of a pain to enter in your passcode, but at least it's more secure.

[via Digital Inspiration]

More from Lifehacker:

Source: http://www.nbcnews.com/technology/technolog/use-accented-characters-make-your-ios-password-even-stronger-1C8120707

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Police: Shots fired, rapper Ross crashes Rolls

FILE - This Sept. 29, 2012 file photo shows Rick Ross performing at the BET Hip-Hop Honors at Boisfeuillet Jones Atlanta Civic Center in Atlanta. Police in South Florida say rapper Rick Ross crashed his Rolls Royce into a building after hearing shots fired nearby. Police say Ross and a female companion reported hearing multiple shots fired in their direction early on Monday, Jan. 28, 2013. Police say Ross lost control of the silver Rolls and crashed into an apartment building. Neither Ross nor his passenger was injured and police say it did not appear that any bullets struck the Rolls. (Photo by John Amis/Invision/AP, file)

FILE - This Sept. 29, 2012 file photo shows Rick Ross performing at the BET Hip-Hop Honors at Boisfeuillet Jones Atlanta Civic Center in Atlanta. Police in South Florida say rapper Rick Ross crashed his Rolls Royce into a building after hearing shots fired nearby. Police say Ross and a female companion reported hearing multiple shots fired in their direction early on Monday, Jan. 28, 2013. Police say Ross lost control of the silver Rolls and crashed into an apartment building. Neither Ross nor his passenger was injured and police say it did not appear that any bullets struck the Rolls. (Photo by John Amis/Invision/AP, file)

FILE - This Sept. 29, 2012 file photo shows Rick Ross performing at the BET Hip-Hop Honors at Boisfeuillet Jones Atlanta Civic Center in Atlanta. Police in South Florida say rapper Rick Ross crashed his Rolls Royce into a building after hearing shots fired nearby. Police say Ross and a female companion reported hearing multiple shots fired in their direction early on Monday, Jan. 28, 2013. Police say Ross lost control of the silver Rolls and crashed into an apartment building. Neither Ross nor his passenger was injured and police say it did not appear that any bullets struck the Rolls. (Photo by John Amis/Invision/AP, file)

FORT LAUDERDALE, Fla. (AP) ? Police in South Florida say rapper Rick Ross crashed his Rolls Royce into a building after hearing shots fired nearby.

Fort Lauderdale police say Ross and his companion, fashion designer Shateria L. Moragne-el, reported hearing multiple shots fired in their direction at around 5:00 a.m. Monday. Police say Ross lost control of the silver Rolls and crashed into an apartment building.

Neither Ross nor his passenger was injured and police say it did not appear that any bullets struck the Rolls.

The police report uses Ross's real name, William L. Roberts. Ross turned 37 years old Monday.

Authorities say unknown suspects fled before police arrived. TV news footage showed a bullet hole in the window of a nearby restaurant.

A Ross spokesman didn't respond to email seeking comment.

Associated Press

Source: http://hosted2.ap.org/APDEFAULT/4e67281c3f754d0696fbfdee0f3f1469/Article_2013-01-28-Rick%20Ross-Shots%20Fired/id-514b236215774e448f9b23a415510911

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Engineers 'evolve' super-efficient solar cell

2 hrs.

TechNewsDaily

Scientists are using principles of natural selection to evolve a more efficient solar cell.

Engineers at Northwestern University wrote a computer program that "mates" design elements and assesses the fitness of their "offspring" to come up with the most efficient possible organic solar cell. Organic solar cells are made with the so-called organic elements ? carbon, oxygen and nitrogen ? and are cheaper to make, lighter and more flexible than the traditional silicon cells available in solar panels today.

Organic cells aren't as efficient at turning the sun's energy into electricity as silicon cells, however. Many research groups are working to improve organic solar cells' efficiency. If they work well, such cells could go into? electricity-producing windows ?or clothes.

In their work, the Northwestern researchers focused on the top layer of an organic solar cell, called the scattering layer, which traps photons from sunlight. They wanted a scattering layer that would hold photos for a greater amount of time.

"We wanted to determine the geometry for the scattering layer that would give us optimal performance," Cheng Sun, a mechanical engineer and one of the creators of the new organic solar cell,? said in a statement. "But with so many possibilities, it's difficult to know where to start, so we looked to laws of natural selection to guide us."

Sun and his colleagues' program simulated more than 20 generations of matings to come up with their final design. The program also mimicked the biological processes of mutation and an exchange of traits called crossing over.

The resulting design traps photons for three times as long as the Yablonovitch Limit, which describes how long a photon is likely to stay in a semiconducting material. Researchers have only been able to reach and break the Yablonovitch Limit in the last few years.?

The engineers? published their work ?Jan. 3 in the journal Scientific Reports.

Follow TechNewsDaily on Twitter @TechNewsDaily, or on Facebook.

Copyright 2013 TechNewsDaily, a TechMediaNetwork company. All rights reserved. This material may not be published, broadcast, rewritten or redistributed.

Source: http://www.nbcnews.com/technology/futureoftech/engineersscientists-evolve-super-efficient-solar-cell-1C8124835

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Getting Around Green: Consider A Motorcycle - Green Living Ideas

Join GLI's 10,000 other followers on Twitter!

Our vehicles emit a lot of pollutants that are damaging for the environment, and the extent of pollution depends upon the type of vehicle.Cars are our everyday vehicles, but when it comes to a combination of fun and efficiency a motorcycle is the way to go! If you think you can handle a bike then you should go for it and if you just want to be a little greener here are some benefits of this vehicle:

Green advantages of motorcycles

1.?They emit less carbon dioxide

Motorcycles consume less fuel than cars, which means their production of carbon dioxide is also less. As the importance given to fuel efficiency and carbon dioxide emissions increases with time, motorcycles provide a greener option. They also take less space on the road, reducing the congestion and overall automobile emissions.

2. Leaner manufacturing and lower embodied energy

Motorcycles require fewer infrastructures to be manufactured compared to cars. The embodied energy of a motorcycle, just from its much smaller mass, is much lower than a car, all else being equal. In addition, if you consider the contribution of building separate lanes for motorcycles and cars, there?s a huge difference in production of greenhouse gases. If separate lanes are constructed for motorcycles as we have roads for cars, they would emit four times less greenhouse gases to maintain and build.

3.?Consume less rare earths

Rare earths are being consumed at a fast pace, and the demand is increasing from different industries, including automotive. The average Prius is carrying around about 10 pounds of lanthanum as part of the battery. A motorcycle uses little to none in manufacturing because battery powered bikes are not widely produced and gas powered bikes are so efficient.

4.?Manufacturers are using catalytic converters

Motorcycle manufacturers have realized the role they have to play for attaining a greener environment and are putting catalytic converters in the vehicle, which does a great job at reducing the pollution emitted. They prevent harmful elements from the motorcycle?s exhaust from being released into the air, and converts nitrogen oxide into nitrogen and oxygen before the release.Although these converters does not operate at 100% reduction they are pretty close and factor that into the already low-emission engines of motorcycles and you have a very green ride.

5.?They?ve smaller engines

The engine of any vehicle is its more prized asset, and as motorcycles have a smaller engine than other vehicles, it uses less energy and fuel. Engine parts on motorcycles are designed to be incredibly efficient because there is no space for wasted parts. From the carburetor to the o-ring a motorcycle engine can be viewed as the pinnacle of individual transportation efficiency.

6. They are awesome!?

A main reason why people own motorcycles is because they are awesome! Not only are they incredibly fun, but its hard not to look cool on a motorcycle too! The future of motorcycles could become even more green thanks to solar technology on bikes! Right now you can get a super fun and efficient bike but imagine having a solar powered personal transportation vehicle, the future is bright!

Apart from all the environmental benefits of considering a motorcycle, there are other advantages as well. They are more affordable in terms of traveling while spending less on fuel. Even existing car owners can take advantage of a motorcycle, keeping their cars for when they need more space, but using the bike for getting around, which will lead to increased savings and fun.

Photo from damonabnormal on Flickr Creative Commons

Source: http://greenlivingideas.com/2013/01/25/getting-around-green-consider-a-motorcycle/

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Egyptian youths, police clash in fourth day of violence

CAIRO (Reuters) - Police fired teargas at dozens of stone-throwing protesters in Cairo on Sunday in a fourth day of street clashes that have killed at least 42 people and compounded the challenges facing President Mohamed Mursi.

In the worst violence, security sources said 33 people died in Port Said on Saturday when protests erupted after a court sentenced 21 people, mostly from the city, to death for their role in a deadly stadium disaster last year.

Thousands of mourners joined funeral processions for the dead in Port Said on Sunday, a witness said by telephone, adding that he heard gunshots and the sound of emergency vehicle sirens. But there were no immediate reports of new casualties.

Mursi's opponents have also taken to the streets across Egypt since Thursday, accusing him and his Islamist allies of betraying the uprising that overthrew Hosni Mubarak in 2011.

"None of the revolution's goals have been realised," said Mohamed Sami, a protester in Cairo's Tahrir Square on Sunday.

"Prices are going up. The blood of Egyptians is being spilt in the streets because of neglect and corruption and because the Muslim Brotherhood is ruling Egypt for their own interests."

On a bridge close to Tahrir Square, youths hurled stones at police in riot gear who fired teargas to push them back towards the square, the cauldron of the uprising that erupted on January 25, 2011 and toppled Mubarak 18 days later.

The latest protests were initially timed to mark Friday's anniversary of that revolt.

The U.S. and British embassies, both close to Tahrir, said they were closed for public business on Sunday.

The violence adds to the daunting task facing Mursi as he tries to fix a beleaguered economy and cool tempers before a parliamentary election expected in the next few months which is supposed to cement Egypt's transition to democracy.

It has exposed a deep rift in the nation. Liberals and other opponents accuse Mursi of failing to deliver on economic promises and say he has not lived up to pledges to represent all Egyptians. His backers say the opposition is seeking to topple Egypt's first freely elected leader by undemocratic means.

DIVISIONS

The army, Egypt's interim ruler until Mursi's election in June, was sent back onto the streets to restore order in Port Said and Suez, another port city on the Suez Canal where at least eight people have been killed in clashes with police.

In Port Said, residents had reported gunshots overnight and shops and many workplaces were shut on Sunday. Residents said the city had been tense ahead of the funerals amid fears the burials could set off further violence.

Many Egyptians are frustrated by the regular escalations that have hurt the economy and their livelihoods.

"They are not revolutionaries protesting," said taxi driver Kamal Hassan, 30, referring to those gathered in Tahrir. "They are thugs destroying the country."

The National Defence Council, headed by Mursi, has called for a national dialogue to discuss political differences.

That offer has been cautiously welcomed by the opposition National Salvation Front. But the coalition has demanded a clear agenda and guarantees that any agreements will be implemented.

The Front, formed late last year when Mursi provoked protests and violence by expanding his powers and driving through an Islamist-tinged constitution, has threatened to boycott the parliamentary poll and to call for more protests if a list of demands is not met, including having an early presidential vote.

Egypt's transition has been blighted from the outset by political rows and turbulence on the streets that have driven investors out and kept many tourists away, starving the economy of vital sources of hard currency.

Egypt's defence minister who also heads the army, Abdel Fattah al-Sissi, called for the nation to stand together and said the military would not prevent peaceful protests. But he called on demonstrators to protect public property.

Clashes in Port Said erupted after a judge sentenced 21 men to death for involvement in 74 deaths at a soccer match on February 1, 2012 between Cairo's Al Ahly club and the local al-Masri team. Many of the victims were fans of the visiting team.

There were 73 defendants in the case. Those not sentenced on Saturday will face a verdict on March 9, the judge said.

Al Ahly fans cheered the verdict after threatening action if the death penalty was not meted out. But Port Said residents were furious that people from their city were held responsible.

Source: http://news.yahoo.com/riots-over-egyptian-death-sentences-kill-least-32-081720840.html

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2013 Moon Little League Baseball - Spring Registration | Robinson ...

Today, January 26, 2013, 10:30 am

904 Beaver Grade Rd, Moon Township, PA | Get?Directions??
FREE

Moon Township Little League Baseball is currently accepting registration online for the 2013 season.?

To register, select Online Registration . Online registration is easy to complete and accepts most major credit cards through PayPal.

If you are unable to register online, you may register in person on one of the following days:

Date - Saturday, Jan. 26^th

Time - 10:30am ? 2pm

Location - Moon Middle School Lobby

The age of your child on April 30, 2013 determines which league he or she will participate.

Leagues

T-Ball - 4 & 5 year olds - $75.00

Modified T-Ball - 6 year olds - $75.00

Midget- 7 & 8 year olds - $95.00

Minor - 9 & 10 year olds - $95.00

Little - 11 & 12 year olds - $95.00

Pony - 13 & 14 year olds - $95.00

Colt - 14, 15 & 16 year olds - $125.00

Legion - 17, 18 & 19 year olds - $125.00

Family Discount
If you are registering multiple children, $40.00 is deducted from each additional child. There is a $160.00 maximum registration fee per family.

Raffle Ticket Fee
A raffle ticket fee of $25/child ($50/family) will be added to all registrations. Raffle tickets will be handed out by your child's team manager.

Registration Information

• A $10 late fee will be added to anyone registering after 2/10/2013.
• First time registrants will need to submit their Birth Certificate. Birth Certificates can be uploaded if registering online or a copy can be submitted if registering in person.
• Eligibility is open to all residents of the Moon Area School District. Proof of residency may be required.

Please direct any questions regarding registration to

info@moonbaseball.com.

40.512455

-80.215168

primary

/events/2013-moon-little-league-baseball-spring-registration

/locations/8662627

Source: http://moon.patch.com/events/2013-moon-little-league-baseball-spring-registration

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